Enhancing Resistance to Salinity in Wheat by Using Streptomy

发布日期：2023-12-26 21:13 来源：研究小组作者：AgroIPM 浏览次数：

Enhancing Resistance to Salinity in Wheat by Using Streptomyces sp. HU2014

Hongxia Zhu

1,2,

Linfeng Hu

1,*,

Tetiana Rozhkova

2,3 and

Chengwei Li

4,*

Abstract

Salt stress affects the growth and global production of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Plant growth-promoting microbes can enhance plant resistance to abiotic stresses. In this study, we aimed to assess the inoculation of soil with Streptomyces sp. HU2014 to improve wheat tolerance to salt stress from multiple perspectives, including the interaction of the strain, the addition of NaCl, the condition of the wheat, and rhizosphere microbial communities. The results showed that the strain promoted wheat growth under NaCl stress by increasing biomass by 19.8%, total chlorophyll content by 72.1%, proline content by 152.0%, and malondialdehyde content by 106.9%, and by decreasing catalase by 39.0%, peroxidase by 1.4%, and soluble sugar by 61.6% when compared to the control. With HU2014 soil inoculation, total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total phosphorus, and Olsen phosphorus increased, whereas ammonium nitrogen and pH decreased. HU2014 inoculation and/or the addition of NaCl affected the diversity of rhizosphere bacteria, but not fungi. The structure of the microbial community differed after HU2014 inoculation, with Proteobacteria, Acidobacteriota, Bacteroidota, and unclassified fungi being the dominant phyla, and these taxa correlated with the above-mentioned soil parameters. Thus, this study provided a promising way to enhance wheat tolerance to salt stress and improve the agricultural ecological environment by using plant growth-promoting microbes.

Keywords:

Streptomyces; wheat; salt stress; microbial community; soil nutrients

Accepted: 19 December 2023
https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14010039

Figure 1. Wheat growth and dry weight under different concentrations of NaCl. The data are presented as the mean ± SD of three independent replicates. Lowercase letters indicate significance (p < 0.05) among different treatments.

Figure 2. Wheat physicochemical properties (A–H). CK, CNa, S, and SNa represent control soil, NaCl soil, HU2014 soil, and inoculated HU2014 soil with the addition of NaCl, respectively. CAT represents catalase. POD represents peroxidase. MDA represents malondialdehyde. The data are presented as the mean ± SD of three independent replicates. Lowercase letters indicate significance (p < 0.05) among different treatments.

Figure 3. Difference in bacterial (A,B) and fungal (C,D) alpha diversity among the treatments. (The data are presented as the mean ± SD of three independent replicates. CK, CNa, S, and SNa represent control soil, NaCl soil, HU2014 soil, and inoculated HU2014 soil with the addition of NaCl, respectively.) Asterisks indicate significant differences (p < 0.05) between treatments.

Figure 4. Non-metric multidimensional scaling ordination plots derived from the Bray–Curtis distance matrix (A,C) and relative abundance of the dominant bacterial (B) and fungal (D) taxa in different treatments. CK, CNa, S, and SNa represent control soil, NaCl soil, HU2014 soil, and inoculated HU2014 soil with the addition of NaCl, respectively. The configuration stresses were bacteria 0.05 and fungi 0.15. Samples are clustered together by different treatments.

Figure 5. Redundancy analysis (A,C) and correlation heat map of microbial taxa with soil properties (B,D). TSS: total soluble salt; NH4+: NH4+-N content; NO3−: NO3−-N content; Olsen-P: Olsen-P content; SOC: soil organic carbon content; TN: total nitrogen content; and TP: total phosphorus content. * Correlation is significant at p < 0.05 (two tailed); ** Correlation is significant at p < 0.01 (two tailed).

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